What is Comprehensive Ranking System?
The Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) is a points-based mechanism used by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) to assess and rank candidates in the Express Entry pool. Express Entry is a system for managing applications for permanent residence under several economic immigration programs, including the Federal Skilled Worker Program, the Federal Skilled Trades Program, the Canadian Experience Class, and a portion of the Provincial Nominee Program.
Key Components of CRS
Core Human Capital Factors:
- Age
- Education
- Language proficiency (English and/or French)
- Canadian work experience
Spouse or Common-Law Partner Factors:
- Education
- Language proficiency
- Canadian work experience
Skill Transferability Factors:
- Combination of education and language proficiency
- Combination of education and Canadian work experience
- Combination of foreign work experience and language proficiency
- Combination of foreign work experience and Canadian work experience
- Combination of a certificate of qualification in a trade and language proficiency
Additional Points:
- Sibling living in Canada (citizen or permanent resident)
- French language proficiency
- Post-secondary education in Canada
- Arranged employment
- Provincial or territorial nomination
- Valid job offer
- Canadian study experience
Scoring
- Core Human Capital and Spouse Factors: Up to 500 points
- Skill Transferability Factors: Up to 100 points
- Additional Points: Up to 600 points
The maximum score a candidate can achieve is 1200 points. The IRCC regularly conducts draws from the Express Entry pool, inviting candidates with the highest CRS scores to apply for permanent residence.
Average Cut-off score for CRS in 2024
The Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) cut-off scores for Express Entry draws in 2024 are anticipated to follow trends similar to those in recent years. For category-based draws, the scores are generally lower compared to all-program draws. For example, in 2024, the lowest cut-off score observed was 336 points in a category-based draw for French language proficiency held in February.
All-program draws, which include candidates from all categories, tend to have higher cut-off scores. In 2023, the cut-off scores ranged from 481 to 561 points (CIC News). For 2024, the scores have varied, with some all-program draws having cut-offs as high as 549 points (Just For Canada).
What score can be considered a good CRS score?
A CRS score between 460 and 470 is considered good, and typically, people with scores in this range can expect to receive an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for Canadian immigration. However, even applicants with lower scores still have a chance of getting an ITA.
What is the Minimum CRS Score for Canada?
The minimum CRS score needed for an Invitation to Apply (ITA) depends on the scores of all applicants in the Express Entry Pool in a given draw. Generally, most ITAs for permanent residence fall within the CRS score range of 439 to 465.
How the CRS Score is Calculated: Factors and Points Breakdown
The Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) is a points-based system used to assess and score candidates for immigration to Canada through the Express Entry system. The CRS score determines a candidate’s rank in the Express Entry pool. Here’s a detailed breakdown of the CRS points calculator:
a. Age
| Age | Points with spouse | Points without spouse |
|---|---|---|
| 17 or younger | 0 | 0 |
| 18 | 90 | 99 |
| 19 | 95 | 105 |
| 20-29 | 100 | 110 |
| 30 | 95 | 105 |
| 31 | 90 | 99 |
| 32 | 85 | 94 |
| 33 | 80 | 88 |
| 34 | 75 | 83 |
| 35 | 70 | 77 |
| 36 | 65 | 72 |
| 37 | 60 | 66 |
| 38 | 55 | 61 |
| 39 | 50 | 55 |
| 40 | 45 | 50 |
| 41 | 35 | 39 |
| 42 | 25 | 28 |
| 43 | 15 | 17 |
| 44 | 5 | 6 |
| 45 or older | 0 | 0 |
b. Education
| Level of Education | Points with spouse | Points without spouse |
|---|---|---|
| Less than secondary school | 0 | 0 |
| Secondary diploma (high school graduation) | 28 | 30 |
| One-year post-secondary program | 84 | 90 |
| Two-year post-secondary program | 91 | 98 |
| Bachelor’s degree or a three or more year program | 112 | 120 |
| Two or more certificates, diplomas, or degrees | 119 | 128 |
| Master’s degree, professional degree, or doctorate | 126 | 135 |
c. First Official Language Proficiency
| Level | Points per ability (with spouse) | Points per ability (without spouse) |
|---|---|---|
| CLB 4 or less | 0 | 0 |
| CLB 5 | 6 | 6 |
| CLB 6 | 8 | 9 |
| CLB 7 | 16 | 17 |
| CLB 8 | 22 | 23 |
| CLB 9 | 29 | 31 |
| CLB 10 or more | 32 | 34 |
Note: There are four abilities: speaking, listening, reading, and writing.
d. Second Official Language Proficiency
| Level | Points per ability (with spouse) | Points per ability (without spouse) |
|---|---|---|
| CLB 4 or less | 0 | 0 |
| CLB 5 or 6 | 1 | 1 |
| CLB 7 or 8 | 3 | 3 |
| CLB 9 or more | 6 | 6 |
Note: Maximum of 22 points with a spouse and 24 points without a spouse.
e. Canadian Work Experience
| Duration | Points with spouse | Points without spouse |
|---|---|---|
| None or less than a year | 0 | 0 |
| 1 year | 35 | 40 |
| 2 years | 46 | 53 |
| 3 years | 56 | 64 |
| 4 years | 63 | 72 |
| 5 years or more | 70 | 80 |
a. Education
| Level of Education | Points |
|---|---|
| Less than secondary school | 0 |
| Secondary diploma (high school graduation) | 2 |
| One-year post-secondary program | 6 |
| Two-year post-secondary program | 7 |
| Bachelor’s degree or a three or more year program | 8 |
| Two or more certificates, diplomas, or degrees | 9 |
| Master’s degree, professional degree, or doctorate | 10 |
b. First Official Language Proficiency
| Level | Points per ability |
|---|---|
| CLB 4 or less | 0 |
| CLB 5 or 6 | 1 |
| CLB 7 or 8 | 3 |
| CLB 9 or more | 5 |
c. Canadian Work Experience
| Duration | Points |
|---|---|
| None or less than a year | 0 |
| 1 year | 5 |
| 2 years | 7 |
| 3 years | 8 |
| 4 years | 9 |
| 5 years or more | 10 |
a. Education
| Criteria | Points |
|---|---|
| With good/strong official language proficiency and post-secondary degree | |
| CLB 7 or more on all abilities and post-secondary degree | 50 |
| With Canadian work experience and post-secondary degree | |
| 1 year or more of Canadian work experience and post-secondary degree | 50 |
b. Foreign Work Experience
| Criteria | Points |
|---|---|
| With good/strong official language proficiency and foreign work experience | |
| CLB 7 or more on all abilities and foreign work experience | 50 |
| With Canadian work experience and foreign work experience | |
| 1 year or more of Canadian work experience and foreign work experience | 50 |
c. Certificate of Qualification (for people in trade occupations)
| Criteria | Points |
|---|---|
| With good/strong official language proficiency and a certificate of qualification | |
| CLB 7 or more on all abilities and a certificate of qualification | 50 |
Additional Points
| Criteria | Points |
|---|---|
| Brother or sister living in Canada (citizen or permanent resident) | 15 |
| French language skills (NCLC 7 or more on all four abilities) | 15 (with CLB 4 or lower in English) or 30 (with CLB 5 or more in English) |
| Post-secondary education in Canada | 15 (1-2 years) or 30 (3 years or more) |
| Arranged employment in Canada | 50 (NOC 0, A, B) or 200 (NOC 00) |
| Provincial nomination | 600 |
Maximum Points Breakdown
- Core/Human Capital Factors: 460 (with spouse) or 500 (without spouse)
- Spouse or Common-law Partner Factors: 40
- Skill Transferability Factors: 100
- Additional Points: 600
Total Maximum Points: 1200
The CRS score is used to rank candidates in the Express Entry pool, with periodic draws inviting those with the highest scores to apply for permanent residence. To increase your CRS score, you can improve your language proficiency, gain more work experience, or obtain a job offer or provincial nomination.
How to improve your CRS score points in 2024?
Enhance Language Proficiency
a. Improve IELTS/CELPIP Scores:
- Achieve higher scores in the four abilities (speaking, listening, reading, and writing) to gain more points. Aim for Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB) level 9 or above.
- Consider retaking the test if your current scores are below your target.
b. Learn French:
- Take the TEF Canada or TCF Canada exams to prove your French proficiency.
- Even moderate proficiency in French can provide additional points, especially if combined with high English scores.
Education Upgrades
a. Obtain Higher Degrees:
- Pursue additional post-secondary education, such as a master’s degree or a second degree/diploma.
- If possible, complete a degree in Canada to earn extra points for Canadian education credentials.
b. Educational Credential Assessment (ECA):
- Ensure all your foreign education is assessed and recognized by an ECA to claim the maximum points.
Gain More Work Experience
a. Canadian Work Experience:
- Work in Canada under a valid work permit to accumulate Canadian work experience, which is highly valued in the CRS.
- Ensure your job is classified under NOC skill type 0, A, or B to maximize points.
b. Foreign Work Experience:
- Continue gaining skilled work experience outside Canada.
- Combine foreign work experience with strong language proficiency for additional skill transferability points.
Obtain a Job Offer in Canada
a. Valid Job Offer:
- Secure a job offer from a Canadian employer in a skilled occupation (NOC 0, A, or B).
- Ensure the job offer meets the criteria set by IRCC to qualify for additional points.
b. Provincial Nominee Program (PNP):
- Apply for provincial nomination, which provides an additional 600 points.
- Research different PNP streams to find one that suits your profile.
Spouse or Common-law Partner Contributions
a. Language Proficiency:
- If you are applying with a spouse or common-law partner, ensure they take the language proficiency tests.
- Higher language scores for your partner can add to your overall CRS score.
b. Education and Work Experience:
- Include your partner’s education and work experience in your profile.
- Ensure their credentials are assessed and recognized.
Re-evaluate Your Profile Regularly
- Periodically update your Express Entry profile to reflect new language test results, education credentials, and work experience.
- Stay informed about changes in CRS calculation rules and adapt your strategy accordingly.
Use Immigration Consultants or Lawyers
- Consult with a licensed immigration consultant or lawyer who can provide personalized advice and identify the best ways to improve your CRS score based on your specific situation.
Additional Factors
a. Siblings in Canada:
- Claim points if you or your spouse/common-law partner have siblings living in Canada who are citizens or permanent residents.
b. Canadian Study:
- Completing a post-secondary program in Canada can provide additional points.
c. Continued Skill Development:
- Participate in further training or certification programs relevant to your field to enhance your qualifications.
Improving your CRS score requires a strategic approach, focusing on areas where you can gain the most points efficiently. By enhancing language skills, gaining relevant work experience, pursuing further education, and leveraging family connections or job offers, you can significantly boost your chances of receiving an ITA for Canadian permanent residence in 2024.
Increasing your CRS score through the Provincials Nominee Program (PNP)
To significantly boost your CRS (Comprehensive Ranking System) score by 600 points, you can apply through the Provincial Nominee Program (PNP). Here’s a simplified guide:
Check Eligibility:
- First, see if you meet the requirements for any PNP.
- You need an Express Entry profile to apply for a provincial nomination.
Express Entry Programs:
- If you qualify for multiple Express Entry programs, you’ll be invited to apply based on this priority:
- Canadian Experience Class (CEC)
- Federal Skilled Worker Program (FSWP)
- Federal Skilled Trades Program (FSTP)
- If you qualify for multiple Express Entry programs, you’ll be invited to apply based on this priority:
Provincial Nominee Programs:
- Provinces are creatively using their Express Entry-aligned PNP streams to attract candidates.
- Ontario: Focuses on specific job sectors like Information Technology (IT).
- Nova Scotia & Saskatchewan: Open PNP streams for various occupations without needing a job offer.
- British Columbia: Has a unique system to invite candidates.
- Alberta & Manitoba: Introduced new Express Entry-aligned streams.
- Other Provinces: Also issuing nominations to Express Entry candidates.
- Provinces are creatively using their Express Entry-aligned PNP streams to attract candidates.
Benefits of a High CRS Score:
- A good CRS score increases your chances of getting an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for a permanent residence visa.
- The extra 600 points from a provincial nomination can greatly enhance your CRS score.
In summary, exploring and applying through PNPs can be a strategic move to improve your CRS score and secure an invitation to apply for permanent residency in Canada.
Required documents to claim your CRS points
Passport: A valid passport or travel document for you and your accompanying family members.
- Educational Credential Assessment (ECA): An ECA report for each degree, diploma, or certificate earned outside Canada. The report must be from a designated organization.
- Canadian Education Credentials: Copies of your Canadian degree, diploma, or certificate if you studied in Canada.
- Language Test Results: Valid results from an approved language test:
- English: IELTS (General Training) or CELPIP (General)
- French: TEF Canada or TCF Canada
- These results must be less than two years old at the time of application.
- Proof of Work Experience: Reference letters from employers detailing your job title, duties, responsibilities, employment duration, and hours worked per week.
- Pay Stubs: To support your work experience claims, especially for Canadian work experience.
- Valid Job Offer: A written job offer from a Canadian employer for a job classified under NOC 0, A, or B. The offer must be for at least one year and meet specific criteria set by IRCC.
- Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA): If applicable, a copy of the positive LMIA from Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC).
- Provincial Nomination Certificate: Proof of nomination from a Canadian province or territory.
- Bank Statements: Recent bank statements showing you have enough money to support yourself and your family after you arrive in Canada.
- Letters from Financial Institutions: Confirming your account balances and account history.
- Language Test Results: If your spouse/common-law partner has taken a language test, include their results.
- ECA Report: If your spouse/common-law partner has foreign education credentials.
- Proof of Canadian Work Experience: Reference letters and pay stubs for your spouse/common-law partner’s Canadian work experience.
- Police Certificates: For you and your family members, to show that you have no criminal record.
- Medical Exams: Proof that you and your family members have undergone the required medical exams.
- Marriage Certificate: If you are married.
- Birth Certificates: For your dependent children.
- Proof of Relationship: Documents proving your relationship to a relative in Canada, if you are claiming points for having a sibling in Canada.
- Certificates or Qualifications: For certain skilled trades, a certificate of qualification from a Canadian province or territory.
Ensure all documents are accurate, complete, and up-to-date.
Application process
a. Create an Express Entry Profile:
- Determine your eligibility for one of the Express Entry programs (CEC, FSWP, FSTP).
- Take language tests (IELTS/CELPIP for English, TEF/TCF for French).
- Get your educational credentials assessed (ECA).
- Gather required documents and create an online profile on the IRCC website.
b. Get a CRS Score and Enter the Pool:
- Your profile is scored using the Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS).
- You enter the Express Entry pool if you meet the minimum requirements.
c. Receive an Invitation to Apply (ITA):
- Periodic draws are conducted, and candidates with the highest CRS scores receive an ITA.
- You have 60 days to submit your complete application for PR after receiving an ITA.
d. Submit Your Application:
- Provide detailed information and upload all required documents.
- Pay the application fees.
- Submit your application through the IRCC online portal.
e. Complete Medical Exams and Police Checks:
- Undergo a medical examination by an IRCC-approved panel physician.
- Obtain police certificates from each country where you have lived for six months or more since the age of 18.
f. Application Processing:
- Your application will be reviewed by an immigration officer.
- You may be asked to provide additional information or attend an interview.
g. Receive Confirmation of Permanent Residence (COPR):
- If approved, you’ll receive a COPR and a permanent resident visa (if applicable).
- Land in Canada before the expiration date on your COPR.
Cost and Processing time for Canada PR
here is a breakdown of the costs associated with applying for Canadian Permanent Residence (PR) through the Express Entry system presented in a table:
| Expense | Cost (CAD) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Application Fees | ||
| Primary Applicant | 1,365 | Includes CAD 850 processing fee and CAD 515 right of permanent residence fee |
| Spouse or Common-law Partner | 1,365 | Includes CAD 850 processing fee and CAD 515 right of permanent residence fee |
| Dependent Child | 230 per child | |
| Additional Costs | ||
| Language Tests | 300 (approx.) | IELTS or CELPIP for English, TEF or TCF for French |
| Educational Credential Assessment (ECA) | 200 (approx.) | Varies by organization |
| Medical Examination | 250-500 per person | Varies by country and physician |
| Police Certificates | Varies | Depends on the country issuing the certificate |
| Proof of Funds | Varies | Amount varies based on family size, not a direct fee but a requirement to demonstrate sufficient funds |
This table provides an overview of the key costs involved in the Express Entry application process for Canadian PR.
Processing Time
- Express Entry Processing Time: Approximately 6 months from the date of submission of your complete application.
- Preparation Time: Time taken to gather documents, take language tests, and get educational assessments can vary.
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